提 要：明清交替之际，南海疍民为摆脱自身的“贱民”命运，进行身份重构，琼州海峡北部水域疍民多采取武力方式，而其南部地区疍民多以诉讼方式进行。因所采取的方式不尽相同，在国家政策、地方习俗和疍民之间长时段的互动过程中，该群体产生明显的分层，海北的疍民身份日益固化，海南疍民则向“编户齐民”方向发展。

关键词：疍民；身份重构；分层流动

Title: The Social Mobility and Identity Reconstruction of TheDanminin Hainan Area during the Ming and Qing Period

Author:Zhang Shuoren, Associate Professor, College of Marxism of Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.

Abstract: During the Ming and Qing times,theDanmin(疍民, Boat Dweller) lived in the coast of Hainan Island made great efforts to change their social status as a discriminated group of people. TheDanminlived in the Northern watersof Hainan Islandadopted forceful means to achieve their goals, while theDanminlived in the Southern area used lawsuit as the main way to change. As a result in a long period of time, the pariah status of theDanminin the North was confirmed, while theDanminin the South got the equal status as the commoners.

Key words:Danmin; social identity; reconstruction; social stratification and mobility