提 要：中世纪的大学无一例外地都位于城市当中。由此，大学与城市两者之间产生了各种交互关系：如人员流动、经济往来、法律纠纷等等。本文通过对原始史料的梳理和分析，对大学与城市之间关系的不同侧面做出了研究和探讨。并以实例说明：正是由于大学和城市之间的冲突才促使大学出于对自身保护而去争取更多的自治特权。另外，虽然大学和城市摩擦不断，但总体趋势是和解与共处；两者之间更多的是互动、互惠和互利关系。很多中世纪的大学是由其所在的城市出资组建的；但也有城市阻止组建大学的特例发生。

关键词：中世纪；大学；城市；关系；特许权

Title: The University and City in Medieval Western Europe

Author:Zhang Tao, Post-Doctoral Researcher, Department of History, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.

Abstract:Every medieval university locates in a city. This is not an accident, but because of the interdependence between the university and the city. A variety of interactive relationship emerges in medieval university cities, such as migration of people, economic exchange, legal disputes etc. This research will reassess the traditional judgment that university and city most often come into the town-gown conflict. Based on the historical records in Latin language and by demonstrating concrete examples in positive and negative perspective, this article will argue that reconciliation and coexistence are the main theme in the relationship between university and city in medieval Europe.

Key words:the Middle Ages; university; city; relation; privilege