洪武初年明、北元、高丽的地缘政治格局

赵现海

提要：洪武初年，明朝、北元政治中心皆处于东部，对地处东北亚的高丽十分重视，极力经营。洪武五年之前，明军在东北亚的势力逐渐增长，压倒北元的传统影响，高丽恭愍王王颛断绝了与北元的联系，结束了元朝、高丽传统的以政治联姻为纽带的政治联盟，与明朝建立了以“华夷秩序”为纽带的新的政治联盟。洪武五年“岭北之役”后，王颛面对北元复兴的态势与国内亲元派势力的再次活跃，采取了与北元暗中缓和关系的举措，后又在无法彻底倒向北元的情况下，选择彻底倒向明朝，征伐耽罗蒙古人，但却因此激化了与国内亲元派权贵的矛盾而被杀死，重新由亲元派权贵掌权的高丽倒向了北元。

关键词：洪武初年

    地缘政治 明朝 高丽

Title:The Relations among the Ming, Northern Yuan, and the Gaoli

    Dynasties during the Early Hongwu Period of the Ming

    Dynasty: A Geopolitical Perspective

Author:Zhao Xianhai，Assistant Research Fellow，Chinese Academy of

    Social Science，Beijing，100732，China

Abstract:In the early Hongwu period, both

    the Ming and the Northern Yuan Dynasties focused their

    political attentions to the neighboring state Gaoli（高丽）.

    When the Ming military forces surpassed the power of

    Northern Yuan, the king of the Gaoli broke up its former

    political union with Yuan that was bonded by marriage. Instead, the Gaoli built a newer relationship

    as a vassal state to the Ming Empire. Such a pattern of the

    triangle relations was challenged by a serious battle

    between the Ming and the Yuan, which indicated the revival

    of the Yuan power and encouraged the position of the Yuan

    supporters within the Gaoli kingdom. Nevertheless, the Gaoli

    eventually turned to the Ming and launched battles against

    the Yuan forces.

Key words:Early Hongwu period

    Geopolitics Ming Dynasty Gaoli Dynasty