西方列强对外扩张和竞争中的埃及和埃及学

作者:<strong> </strong>金寿福 时间:2016-10-11 点击数:

西方列强对外扩张和竞争中的埃及和埃及学

金寿福

提要:埃及学是由拿破仑军事远征和西方列强对外扩张催生的产物。它的建立和发展见证了埃及沦为殖民地的全过程。在英法等国收集文物、争夺考古发掘特权的过程中,诞生于殖民时期的埃及学经历了在欧洲列强文化中成长以及在夹缝中生存的不寻常历程,而西方学者语境下的埃及学所构建的古埃及历史与文化,使得现代埃及人处于两难的境地。

关键词:拿破仑远征

埃及 殖民 埃及学

Title:Egypt and Egyptology in the Course of Expansion and

Competition of the European Powers

Author:Jin

Shoufu, Professor, Department of History, Fudan University,

Shanghai, 200433, China

Abstract:Egyptology was in a way a product of the

military expedition to Egypt launched by Napoleon and the

expansion policy of several European powers. Its

establishment and development witnessed the colonization of

Egypt. European countries led by England and France carried

out fierce competition in collecting and excavating ancient

Egyptian relics and Egyptology as a discipline studying

ancient Egyptian civilization had to deal with the dominance

of European culture. On the other hand, confronted with the

ancient Egyptian history and culture wholly reconstructed by

the Europeans, it was not easy for modern Egyptians to

identity themselves in terms of cultural origin.

Key words:Napoleon’s

expedition Egypt colonization Egyptology

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