提 要：秦汉时期，童谣、谶纬的舆论功能，源自其对现实的反映以及秦汉时人对其“先验性”的迷信。秦汉政府将舆论监督引入包括选官取士在内的国家行政管理体制，体现了官方对民意、众意的有限度的尊重。在秦汉时期政权更迭过程中，社会舆论起着重要作用。借鉴不同的历史经验，依据不同的指导思想，秦汉王朝的舆论政策及政策执行策略有所不同，其国祚短长，与此有很大关系。

关键词：社会舆论 秦汉 政治

Title: Public Opinions and the Politics during the Qin and Han Periods

Author:Zhao Kai, Associate Research Fellow, Institute of History, Social Science Academy of China, Beijing, 100732

Abstract：The Relationship between the public opinions and politics was very close during the Qin and Han periods. The public opinion functions of the children's folk rhymes stem out of both its reflection of reality and people's superstitious belief of its apriority. The Qin and Han governments were awared of public opinions in their administrative operations, including official appointments and recommendation of scholars, which reflects a limited respect to people's choices. Public opinion played important roles in the transaction of power from the Qin to the Han. Based upon different historical traditions and experiences, the policies to public opinions of the Qin and the Han were with differences, which had impacts to the existence of both the two dynasties.

Key words:public opinions Qin and Han periods politics