提 要：西汉道义观的形成，一在于董仲舒从天人关系上对天道和人道运行的本质要求进行凝练，形成了政治道义观。二在于司马迁从历史经验上对历史运行秩序的重构，使“义”成为观察历史秩序的参照，从而形成了历史道义观。三在于盐铁辩论从行政理念的角度对西汉制度进行讨论，使得参与讨论的御史、大夫们意识到国家必须承担起社会道义，才能长治久安，初步讨论了国家道义观。

关键词：政治道义观；历史道义观；国家道义观

Title: The Formation of the Conception of Moral Justice during the Western Han Dynasty

Author: Cao Shenggao, Professor, School of Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China, and Concurrent Professor, Faculty for the Study of Asian Civilizations, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.

Abstract: The formation of the concepts of Moral Justice in Western Han Dynasty is related to three aspects.

The first is the political conception of Moral Justice emphasized by Dong Zhongshu(董仲舒) through his arguments of the essential identity between the ways of the universe and humanity. The second is the historical conception of Moral Justice constructed by Sima Qian(司马迁) based upon his knowledge of human historical experiences. The third is the conception of state responsibility to practice Moral Justice elaborated in the debate of state salt and iron trade control, which made the censors and senior officials realized that the state had to practice moral justice to maintain a lasting stability.

Key words:Moral Justice; politics; Historical experience; state obligation