提 要：公元前108年以后，汉王朝先后在朝鲜半岛北部设四郡，即乐浪、真蕃、玄菟、临屯，中国的文物制度更多地传入朝鲜半岛，并经由半岛传入日本。中国的汉字文化是通过不同的载体传播的，除写在铜镜、铁制刀剑上的铭文外，还可以推测到通过简牍的汉字传播。朝鲜半岛和日本之所以能够积极地引进中国的汉字文化，是因为秦汉以后中国的汉字文化已经发展得相当成熟。汉字文化实际上包括成熟的汉字、成熟的书写工具和书写材料,以及成熟的书体。所谓汉字的东传也可以理解成是与汉字有关的成套技术的东传。本文介绍和分析中、日、朝鲜半岛古代木简的发掘及其各自的特点。

关键词：汉字 出土文字资料 中国简牍 日本木简 韩国木简

Title: Unearthed Materials with Chinese Characters and the Study of Ancient Eastern Asian History: Focusing on the Unearthed Ancient Wood Slips

Author:Xu Jianxin, Senior Research Fellow, Institute of World History, Chinese Academy of Social Science, Beijing, 100006, China

Abstract: After 108 B.C., the Han dynasty of China established four prefectures in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. More Chinese products and idea of institutions were introduced to that area and later transferred into Japan. Among them, Chinese characters diffused broadly thanks to the vehicles such as copper mirrors, iron weapons, and wood slips. It was because the Chinese character system had developed fairly mature that after the Qin and Han periods, the peoples in Korean Peninsula and Japan actively adopted it. Since the culture of Chinese character involves the characters, tools of writing, materials of writing, and calligraphy, the introduction of Chinese charactors to the East should be taken as the introduction of a whole system of writing technology. This paper in particular discusses the discoveries of ancient wood slips with Chinese characters in Japan and Korea.

Key words: Chinese charater unearched materials with letters wood slips Japan Korea