提 要：20世纪古埃及文明研究的前后两个时期呈现出了不同的发展趋势。20世纪上半叶, 既有单一的古埃及文明的专题研究，又有“近东”区域的古埃及文明的研究。20世纪下半叶，除了古埃及文明专题的更加深入、细致和多视角的研究外还把古埃及文明扩大到地中海区域文明中，使东西方文明连结为一体，并在全球化的视野下进行研究。

关键词：古代埃及文明20世纪 “近东文明” 地中海文明 全球史观

Title: The Trends of the Studies of Ancient Egyptian Civilization in the 20th Century

Author: Liu Wenpeng，Institute for Ancient History and Egyptian History, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.

Abstract: The twentieth century saw the studies of the ancient Egyptian civilization developed in two phases with different trends. In the first half of this century, there were both the concrete particular topic researches of Egyptology and the studies of the ancient Egypt from Near East regional civilization perspectives. In the second half of this century, along with the deeper and multidimensional development of Egyptology, taking ancient Egyptian civilization as a part of the Mediterranean civilization became a major trend of study, which linked up the studies of the Oriental civilizations and the Western civilizations. This was one of the factors that have made the global perspectives possible in the studies of ancient civilizations.

Key words: Ancient Egyptian civilization; the 20th Century; the Near East civilization; the Mediterranean civilization; global perspective of history